The Definition Of Public Health
There have been many health experts make the limitations of public health. Chronologically the constraints of public health starts with a very narrow limits to the broad restrictions as we currently own cherished beliefs can be summarized as follows. Most of the old restrictions, it is said that health is the efforts to overcome the problems that plague the health sanitation. In other words, public health is the same with sanitation. An attempt to fix and improve the sanitation of the environment health activities is celebrated. Then at the end of the 18th century with found bacteria-bacteria causes disease and some types of immunization, a public health activity is the prevention of diseases that occur in communities through the improvement of environmental sanitation and the prevention of disease through immunization.
B. The Scope Of Public Health
As mentioned above, that the public health is the science and art. Therefore, the scope of public health can be viewed from two things. As a science, public health at first only includes 2nd scientific discipline, namely, bio-medical sciences (medical biology) and the social sciences. However, in accordance with the development of science, then the underlying disciplines of public health ever developed. So until such time as these disciplines that underlie public health, among others, include: biology, medicine, chemistry, physics, environmental science, sociology, anthropology, psychology, science education, and so on.
Generally, underpinned the disciplines of public health science, or commonly referred to as the main pillar of public health is, among other things:
a) Epidemiology
b) Bio statistics/statistics health
c) environmental health
d) health education and behavioral sciences
e) Public Health Administration
f) Nutrition society
g) occupational health.
Public health problem is a solution then the causal should be multidisciplinary. Therefore, the health of the community as an art or practice has a vast expanse. All activities either directly or indirectly to prevent disease (preventive), improve health (promotif), therapy (physical therapy, mental, and social) or curative, nor recovery (rehabilitative) health (physical, mental, social) is the public health efforts. For example: cleaning the environment, the provision of clean water, food surveillance, improved nutrition, the Organization of the Ministry of public health, the way of disposal of feces, waste management and waste water, sanitation supervision of public places, mosquito nest eradication, flies, cockroaches, and so on.
Generally, efforts that could be categorized as art or the application of public health include:
a) eradication of the disease, either infectious or contagious.
b) Repair of sanitary environment.
c) residential neighborhood Improvement.
d) eradication of the vector.
e) education (extension) of public health.
f) maternal and child health services.
g) nutritional Coaching community.
h) sanitation supervision of public places.
I) drug and drink.
j) Coaching role as well as the community, and so on.
