Anemia is a State in which the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin (the protein carrier of oxygen) in the red blood cells is below normal.
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which transports oxygen from their lungs and took him to all parts of the body.
Anemia causes a reduced number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells, so that blood can not be transporting oxygen in quantities necessary corresponding body.
The CAUSE of the anemia :
Common causes of anemia:
Great haemorrhage
* Acute (sudden)
-Accident
-Surgery
-Labor
-Ruptured blood vessels
* Chronicle (chronically)
-Bleeding nose
-Hemorrhoids (haemorrhoids)
-Peptikum Ulcer
-Cancer or polyps in the digestive tract
-Kidney or bladder Tumor
-Menstrual bleeding very much
The reduced formation of red blood cells
-Iron deficiency
-Lack of vitamin B12
-Shortage of folic acid
-Lack of vitamin C
-Chronic Diseases
The increased destruction of red blood cells
-Enlargement of the spleen
-Mechanical Damage on red blood cells
-Autoimmune Reaction against the red blood cells
Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria-paroksismal
-Hereditary Sferositosis
-Hereditary Elliptositosis
-G6PD Deficiency
-Sickle Cell Disease
-Hemoglobin C Disease
-S-hemoglobin C Disease
-Hemoglobin E Disease
-Thalassemia
SYMPTOMS
The symptoms caused by insufficient oxygen supply this need, varies.
Anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, lack of energy and head feels to levitate.
If anemic gain weight, can cause a stroke or heart attack.
DIAGNOSIS
Simple blood examination can determine the presence of anemia.
The percentage of red blood rail in total blood volume (hematokrit) and the amount of hemoglobin in a blood sample can be determined.
The inspection is part of the complete blood counts (CBC).
TREATMENT
Anemia treatment depends on the cause:
Anemia iron deficiency. This form of anaemia is treated with iron supplements, you may have to drink for several months or more. If the cause of iron deficiency is blood loss-apart from menstrual bleeding source-then it should be noted and stopped. This may involve surgery.
Vitamin deficiency anemia. Pernicious anemia is treated with injections-injections that are often a lifetime-vitamin B-12. Anemia due to folic acid deficiency treated with folic acid supplements.
Anemia of chronic disease. There is no specific treatment for this type of anemia. Doctors focus on treating the underlying disease. Iron supplements and vitamins generally do not help this type of anemia. However, if symptoms become severe, blood transfusions or injections of synthetic erythropoietin, a hormone that is normally produced by the kidneys, can help stimulate the production of red blood cells and reduces fatigue.
Aplastik anemia. Treatment for anemia can include blood transfusions to increase the levels of red blood cells. You may need a bone marrow transplant if Your diseased bone marrow and can't make healthy blood cells. You may need the immune suppressant medications to reduce your immune system and give you the chance of bone marrow transplanted berespon to start functioning again.
Anemia associated with bone marrow disease. The treatment of various diseases can range from simple drug to chemotherapy for bone marrow transplantation.
Hemolytic anemias. Manage hemolytic anemia including avoiding certain drugs, treat infection related and use drugs that suppress your immune system, which can invade the red blood cells. Brief treatment with immune-suppressing drugs, steroids or gamma globulin may help suppress the immune system attack the red blood cells.
If the condition has led to the enlargement of the spleen, you may need to receive Your spleen is lifted. The spleen is an organ in the bottom of the rib cage on the left side who function umtuk filter red blood cells are broken down. Hemolytic anemia can cause Your spleen to be great because of the large number of damaged red blood cells. Sometimes, the spleen contributed to hemolytic anemia by removing too many red blood cells. Depending on the severity of your anemia, a blood transfusion or plasmapheresis may be required. Plasmapheresis is a kind of blood screening procedures.
Sickle cell anemia. Treatment for anemia can include administering oxygen, medications relieve pain, both oral and intravenous fluids to reduce pain and prevent complications. Doctors also usually use blood transfusions, folic acid supplements and antibiotics. A bone marrow transplant may be an effective treatment in some circumstances. A cancer drug called hidroksiurea (Droxia, Hydrea) is also used to treat sickle cell anemia in adults.PREVENTION
Many types of anemia cannot be prevented. However, you can help avoid anemia iron deficiency anaemia and vitamin deficiency by eating a healthy, variety of food, including:
Iron. The best sources of iron are beef and other meats. Other foods rich in iron include beans, lentils, cereals rich in iron, old green leafy vegetables, dried fruit, peanut butter and nuts.
Folate. Folic acid can be found in orange juice and fruit, banana, green leafy vegetables, peas.
Vitamin B-12. Many of these vitamins in meat and dairy products.
Vitamin c. foods that contain vitamin C, such as oranges, melons and berries, can help increase iron absorption.
Eat plenty of foods containing iron is very important for people who have a high iron needs, such as children-iron is needed during the process of growth-as well as pregnant women and menstruation. Adequate iron intake is also important for babies, vegetarian tight and long distance runner.
Concern about iron supplements
The doctor may prescribe iron supplements or multivitamins containing iron for people with high iron requirement. However, iron supplements are given appropriate only when you need more iron from iron obtained from a balanced diet. Do not assume that if you get tired, you just need to take iron supplements. An excess of iron in your body can be dangerous.
Genetic counseling
If you have a family history of inherited anemia, such as sickle cell anemia, talk with your doctor and possibly a genetic Counselor about the risks to yourself and risk what you might go on to your kids.
